mKOH=28(g)

nKOH=0.5(mol)

PTHH:2KOH+H2SO4->K2SO4+2H2O

a)Theo pthh:nH2SO4=1/2 nKOH->nH2SO4=0.25(mol)

mH2SO4=0.25*98=24.5(g)

C%ddH2SO4=24.5/100*100=24.5%

theo pthh:nK2SO4=nH2SO4->nK2SO4=0.25(mol)

mK2SO4=0.25*(39*2+96)=43.5(g)

c)mdd sau phản ứng:200+100=300(g)

d) C% muối=43.5:300*100=14.5%

Bài 1

n_BaCl2= 200 *2.6%= 5.2 (g) ; n_BaCl2= 5.2/208=0.025(mol)

n_H2SO4=49*10%=4.9(g) ; n_H2SO4=4.9/98=0.05(mol)

PTHH

..........................H₂SO₄ + BaCl₂ ➞ 2HCl + BaSO₄

Trước phản ứng:0.05 : 0.025...................................(mol)

Trong phản ứng:0.025 : 0.025......... : 0.025 : 0.05(mol)

Sau phản ứng : 0.025 : 0 ......... : 0.025 : 0.05 (mol)

a) m_BaSO4=0.025*233=5.825(g)

b) m_{dd sau phản ứng} = 49+200-5.825=243.175(g)

C% (H₂SO₄) = (0.025* 98)/243.175*100%=1.007%

C% (HCl) = (0.05*36.5)/243.175*100%=0.007%

Bài 2:

n_HCl= 73 *25%= 18.25 (g) ; n_HCl= 18.25/36.5=0.5(mol)

n_AgNO3=34*5%=1.7(g) ; n_AgNO3=1.7/170=0.01(mol)

PTHH

..........................HCl + AgNO₃ ➞ AgCl + 2HNO₃

Trước phản ứng:0.5 : 0.01......................................(mol)

Trong phản ứng:0.01 : 0.01.............. : 0.01 : 0.01(mol)

Sau phản ứng : 0.49: 0 ............... : 0.01 : 0.01(mol)

a) m_AgCl=0.01*143.5=1.435(g)

b) m_{dd sau phản ứng} = 73+34-1.435=105.565(g)

C% (HNO₃) = (0.01* 63)/105.565*100%=0.0059%

C% (HCl) = (0.49*36.5)/105.565*100%=16.94%

a, \(H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_{4\downarrow}+2HCl\)

b, Ta có: \(m_{H_2SO_4}=114.20\%=22,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{22,8}{96}=0,2375\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{BaCl_2}=400.5,2\%=20,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{20,8}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2375}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\), ta được H₂SO₄ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{BaSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=0,1.233=23,3\left(g\right)\)

c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=2n_{BaCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,2375-0,1=0,1375\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 114 + 400 - 23,3 = 490,7 (g)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1375.98}{490,7}.100\%\approx2,75\%\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{490,7}.100\%\approx1,49\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 1:

a, Hiện tượng: Có khí mùi hắc thoát ra.

b, Ta có: \(m_{H_2SO_4}=100.24,5\%=24,5\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{24,5}{98}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Na_2SO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+SO_2+H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_3}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{0,25.126}{200}.100\%=15,75\%\)

c, Theo PT: \(n_{SO_2}=n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ m _{dd sau pư} = 200 + 100 - 0,25.64 = 284 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.142}{284}.100\%=12,5\%\)

Bài 2:

a, Hiện tượng: Xuất hiện kết tủa trắng.

PT: \(BaCl_2+MgSO_4\rightarrow MgCl_2+BaSO_{4\downarrow}\)

b, Ta có: \(m_{BaCl_2}=200.20,8\%=41,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{41,6}{208}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=n_{MgSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.120}{12\%}=200\left(g\right)\)

c, Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 200 + 200 - 0,2.233 = 353,4 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.95}{353,4}.100\%\approx5,38\%\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{21,6}{27}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O|\)

        2             3                  1                3

       0,8          1,2               0,4             1,2

a) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,8.3}{2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=1,2.22,4=26,88\left(l\right)\)

b) \(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,8.3}{2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{H2SO4}=1,2.98=117,6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{117,6.100}{29,4}=400\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{1,2.1}{3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=0,4.342=136,8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=21,6+400-\left(1,2.2\right)=419,2\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{136,8.100}{419,2}=32,63\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

PTHH: \(H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO+2H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\cdot1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{K_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{\dfrac{0,4\cdot56}{6\%}}{1,048}\approx356,2\left(ml\right)\\C_{M_{K_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2+0,3562}\approx0,36\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)   

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ 0,2.........0,4........0,2.......0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a.m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4.56.100}{6}=\dfrac{1120}{3}\left(g\right)\\ V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1120}{3}}{1,048}=\dfrac{140000}{393}\left(ml\right)\approx0,356\left(l\right)\)

\(b.C_{MddK_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{\dfrac{140000}{393}+0,2}\approx0,00056\left(M\right)\)

a) \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)

\(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{200.11,2\%}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{10\%}=196\left(g\right)\)

b) \(n_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ddsaupu}=200+196=396\left(g\right)\)

=> \(C\%_{K2SO4}=\dfrac{0,2.174}{396}.100=8,79\%\)

c) \(3KOH+FeCl_3\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3KCl\)

\(n_{FeCl_3}=n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{KOH}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

=>\(V_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{2}{15}=0,13\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{2}{15}.107=14,27\left(g\right)\)